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Double burden
Double burden is a term used to describe the workload of men and women who work to earn money, but also have responsibility for unpaid, domestic labor.〔 This phenomenon is also known as the "The Second Shift" as in Arlie Hochschild's book of the same name.〔Hochschild, Arlie and Anne Machung. 1990. ''The Second Shift''. Avon Books: New York.〕 In heterosexual couples where both partners have paid jobs, women often spend significantly more time on household chores and caring work, such as childrearing or caring for the sick, than men. This outcome is determined in large part by traditional gender roles that have been accepted by society over time. Labor market constraints also play a role in determining who does the bulk of unpaid work.
Efforts have been made to document the effects of this double burden on couples placed in such situations.〔 Many studies have been done tracing the effects of the gendered division of labor and in most cases there was a notable difference between the time men and women contribute to unpaid labor.
==Etymology==
The term double burden arises from the fact that many men and women currently are responsible for both domestic labor and paid labor. However, due to the thinking that a woman's time spent in domestic work is more valuable than a woman's time spent doing paid work, and that a man's time spent doing paid work is more valuable than a man's time spent doing domestic work, there is the issue of women having to do a large amount of both paid and unpaid work, leading to the double burden.〔 Some alternative terms for double burden include : double day, second shift, and double duty.〔Suzana Smith and Diana Converse. ''(Double Day Work: How Women Cope With Time Demands ).'' University of Florida, IFAS Extension.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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